Internal-combustion engine.



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`INTERNAL COMBUSTION` ENGINE. APPLICATIUN FILED-SEPT-,B IBIS. 1,275.616.

nennen lun: 3.1918.

Patented mg. 13, 191s.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Illllll nu I zlllllll/lul/llllI//r w 8 M vU kW UNTTED STATES PATENToniircli.4

BYRON 0. ISHOBT, F PIERCE CITY, MISSOUBI, ASSIGOB 0F ONE-THIRD T0 30ElJ'. MANLOVE AND 0NETHIRZD T0 JAMES A. 'WIG'H'L BOTH 0F CITY,

Application med September 8,

, `'To'aill whom it may concern? Be it known that I, BYRQN Snom, acitizen of the United States, residingA at Pierce' City, in the countyof Lawrence and i' State ofl Missouri, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements'in Internal-Combustion Engines; and I do declare theolvlowing to be a full, clear, and exact descr1ption of the invention,such `as willenable "others skilled in the art to 'which it appel tainstoinake` and use the same, reference being 'had 'to the accompanyingdrawings, and to the lettersand figures ofnreference marked thereon,which orm apart of this specification.

My inyention lrelates to internal combustion en giiies, and moreparticularly to an engine of this character wherein a plurality ofpistons oscillate'tlirough sector j cylinders, ztfand wherein chargesare taken into the cylinders at' either side of the, pistons coinfpressed, fired'v and exhausted upon. subsequent oscillations thereof, A0 i t Itis the object of the present invention to 'a greatnumber of theparts employed in the operation'of the ordinary combustion engine are'elimiated to provide a more substan-- $0' eiflciency' is accomplisheddue to the elimination'of such parts andra consequent reduction offriction. i

In accomplishing v Ovided the details of structure hereinafter` de- 8U"scribed and illustrated inthe accoiaying Y drawings, wherein i 'S-5; Inorder that the ,p ...it

engine embodying my inw. Y

ticulaily showing the-yintakefand exhaust manifolds andthe Vvalveoperatingfcmechai I. Figi IIIi's a central, vertical longitudinal:rejection of the engine.4

tFig#l IV' is an end viewshowing: the-lcon.- `nrction of thepistonrocker arm with .the

power on drive shaft.

Referring more .in detail to theparts U l'designates a housing as awhole, which carries the operating-parts of the engine, andwhichcomprisesa lower section 2 which contains the power pistons and anupper section l or vering 3 which is removably secured to ivthelowersection 2 and carries the lvalve Specification of Letters Patent ,is avertical cross'sectionogan n;

chambers I have provided theintakemamv .mnnnnncomnusrron ENGINE.

i Patented `thug. 13, v1918.

1.915, SerialY No.149,587. Renewed June 8, 1918. Serial lo; $88,086,l

' mechanism and parts working in conjunction therewith. 4

The lower housing section 2 is here shown to contain two semi-sphericalexplosion chambers, each divided by a piston into right and leftcompartments, designated b nu- 'mcrals 4.4-4and 5 5', provided'wipistons 6 and 7 that are rigidly mounted on and extending in the sameplane/from` a rocker shaft 8 and are adapted to oscillate within theirrespective chambers through a predetermined arc which is somewhat lessthan the limits of the said chambers; the shaft 8 being extended thelength of the Vengine housing and revolubly mounted in'bearings- 10-11-12 inthe lower section and secured thereiniby the overlying ybearingportions 14.

of the .upper section 3. A

The. rocker shaft 8 is extended somewhat beyond the housing at the rearof the engine and is thereprovided with alaterally extending crank arm16 to which-is pivotally secured va connecting rod 17 which in turnconnects with the crank arms 18 of a power `shaft 1,9.; thesaid` shaft19 being revolubly parallel with. and beneath the housing section 2 andrcarries a j ily 'wheelV 22,v

lif'th thisV arrangement of parts .seen that Athe oscillating motionofthe is- `tons, later described, within their cylin ers gimpartsalikemotion to the crank arm 16,

which, turn, causes a reciprocaton of the' connecting` rodil'?, to causerotation of the powershaft. I f

mitted to and exhausted from' thefexplosion asshown or any suitablesource of fuel 'supe ply, Vand comprising branch tubes 2G-26's whichopen into compartments *fand 4! respectively of the forward explosionchamber,

.- andhaving like branches -27-27 o ening,

into opposite compartments 5-5.of

20-21 and extends fuel charges maybe adit win be iusv explosionchamber;. all branches'leading-to the main inlet manifold 24: to providefor an equality of distribution to the various ex plosion chambers.

The exhaust manifolds 25--25 lik wise lead from each explosion chambertp a ufery(not shown) Vat the rear of the engine; the manifold 25 beingplaced adjacent the intake tubes 26-27 d has laterally turned ried by :rv revolution ofthe shaft 19 will' tubes 28-28 o 'ening into the chambersrespectively. he Imanifold 25 is likewise provided with branch tubes29--29 opening into the cylinder compartments 4:-5 respectively.

` In order thatthe fuel 4charges may be taken into and exhausted fromthe'explosionchambers at valves -30 of the ordinary puppet comprisingvalveI disks 31, having-beveled circumferential surfaces 32 for Seating'with# I To provide for'the actuation' ofthe valvesA at regular andproper iiitervals with respect to the piste movement/,I have provided acam shaft which extends parallel with the rocker shaft -8 and iscentrally located d with res'petto thevalves 30, and is revol -blymounted in fthecentral` bearingsY 41f standards` l 2 formed integrally',with thev housinginci'nberf... f

Extending laterally` from the standards '42 are side arins 43havi-ngspacedend ears 44 between which' are pivotally mounted-'rocker arms 45;the rocker arms' being arranged in' pairs anda rocker being provided foreach valve, and'each having, an outer arm which overliefs its respectivevalve steinv and an inner arm 47 which carries a'v roller 48 for rollingengagement with-earns 49 on th'e shaft 402 In assembling thev parts, thecams are so l placed to actuate the' rocker'arins to "acs tuate the'valves at the;proper intervals;'the

sha-ft 40. being provided-with a Sprocket 50 that is operativelyconnected with a sprocket 51 on, the drive. shaft 19iby'ineans of achain belt 52'; Ithesfaid sprockets ha'v- 50 ing a two5 to oneratiowherebythe pistn .rev lutions ofthe pow'e'ishaft.

' 'aking the parts,l the. crank arm 16 jof l ,th rocker-shaft and' crankarms 18 of the d iiigeishaft 19 :are so proportioned that thea'rcthrough whichthe rocker arm-16 is carbc of the proper lengthtoinsu're the proper compression offthe fuel within the corribus.-- tionchambers." v i L I have also provided the housing with' a water jacketas shown, havii'iginlet and out let connections 544-55 whereby water maybccirculated about thev cylinders for` cooling tliepartsay .K 71.1'

roper' intervals, I have provided each oftl e intake and exhaustopenings with chamber 5; the intake exhaust closed. oscillation takesplace one for two "complete The engine is also provided with the usualspark plugs 56 which are preferably arranged in a central position ofeach explosion chamber andv may be connected with a timer in anysuitable manner.

'I'also provide the. pistons with packing rings 57 t'o prevent possibleAleakage between the ex v)losion chambers.

I alsopre er to inc lose the crank arms 18 and 16 with 'a housing 59which' may carry 75 a lubricating fluid for automatically oiling thepartscontaincd therein.

Presuming the parts to be so constructed,

IV will `follow the operation -of the parts through one-complete cycle,presuming that 30 Fig. I shows the parts at a starting point wherein thepistons 6-7 are at the limit ofV their travel ,in the direction shown: lThe piston 6 has'just completed the com- Y pression stroke withirespect-to the compart- 35 ment 4, vboth the exhaust yand intake valves`communicating.therev:ith being closed, and the fuel being compressedtherein.

the piston of the rear cylinder working in 'the 'saine -plane with thepiston 6 is exhausting: a chargejfrom the chamber 5 'and combusti'on isitakingxplace; within the chamber 5.',.l-both1the exhaust and intakevalvesof 100 compartment 5 andthinlet valve of compartment 5 beingclosedybutthe exhaust outlet from chamher-'beingopein I 'At thecompletion. 'of thecompression stroke o f cham r 4,' combustion takes'place 105 therein, moving the piston 6 vto its opposite. limit,l`compressing the 'chargei'in chamber 4'; both valves in chamber 4f beingclosed.

During 'this movement the'piston 7 within.

the,Z rear cylinderv is exhausting' 'a burned 1101i charge fromthechamber 45 the exhaust valve being open and intake :vlve closed,

anda fresh `charge being taken into the valve being open?. and- Oncompletion of the foregoinghiiiovelment, the 'compressed charge iiichamber-11'v `is fired, moving the piston '6 back to its'opposite'limit, and exhaustingithe burned. as from the chamber 4,`theexhaust vaive opened and-the intake valve closed.

*With this movement, the piston chiii- I dresses the charge in chamber5, both valves` "i opening therei'iito beingl closed, and a fresh hargeibeing taken inf/0 chamber .5'.; the Y125 ntfkvalv being vpnd a'm1theexhaust f .On-'completion `of .this movement, com- 'y .I

bustion'takes place in chamber 5,bth va1y es being closed, .the :pistonA7 is moved to .the 13Q io poste -limifrrto compress the charge incjarnber 5 -where both valves are cosed. During this operation thepiston 6 is moved to exhaust the burned gas from .chamber 4'; exhaustvalve being open'and intake valve With this arrangement of parts, it isapparent that the valves operate to uncover their respective ports -toimpart a regular oscillating movement to the piston, which ,Willimpart.through the connections shown a rotatory movement to a power shaft.

l It is also noted that the number of operating parts of the ordinaryengine is greatly reduced and a compact and` substantial engine providedwhich may be usedas a sta tionary engine,bu t Vis particularly adaptedforl motor vehicles.

While the engine is shown to comprise but two cylinders I do not wish tolimit it to this particular number, nor to the semispherlc'al shapeshown, as in some cases it may be more practical to make the explosionchambers -of'g'reater depth. I

It will also be seen that by proper connections the engineinay beoperated W'th steampower equally as Well as with t e combustible fuel.A

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein, anddesire to secure l. The coinbinatlon with a housing havingsemi-spherical portions containing independent semi-spherical pistonchambers,

each of said portions having a protuberto said `rocket shaft'andoperable in the separata chambers, a crank shaft journaled intheprotuberance bearings, and a rod connecting the rocker shaft and crankshaft.

2. The combination with a piston housing comprising'semi4spherica1piston chambers arranged 11i longitudinal alinernent and havinglongitudinall alin'ing bearing seats therein, va, rocker siaft mountedin Said seats, pistons fixed tosaid shaft and ro jceted into saidchambers, 'a cover Yate seated over said vpiston chambers and attachedto said housing and having a longi tudinal channel vseat inclosing saidrocker shaft; said housing and cover plate being water. jacketed, andintake and exhaust valves opening through the cover plate into saidpiston chambers at both sidesof said pistons.,

3. The combination with a piston housing comprising semi-spherical.piston chambers arranged in longitudinal alinement and havinglongitudinally alinirfg `bearing seats therein at the open side of thechambers and longitudinally alining protuberances extending from the.base of the housin forming journal bearings, `a rocker shaft mounted insaid bearing,seats, acover plate mounted on said housing havinglongituinal-channel seats on its under face for receivin '.I andinclosin 'said rocker shaft and havI glstandards t ereon, a can shaftrevolubly!l mounted in said standards in para -allel alinement with' therocker shaft, pis-- tons fixed on the rocker shaft and pro'ecting intosaid chambers in longitudinal alinernent relative to the shaft, exhaustand intake valve me'chanisni operatively connected with the cam shaftmountedon saidcover and opening therethrough to. the piston chambersat'both `sides of said pistons, a. crank shaft -revolublfy 4carried inthe housing protuberances, an actuating' rod connecting the rocker shaftwith thel crank shaft and a belt operatively connecting the crank shaftwith the cam shaft, for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature.

' v BYRON O. SHORT.

